L4M5最新考古題 -最新L4M5考題

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CIPS L4M5 考試大綱：

主題	簡介
主題 1	Analyse how to assess the process and outcomes of negotiations to inform future practice Protecting relationships after the negotiation
主題 2	Macroeconomics and its influence on commercial negotiations Contrast the economic factors that impact on commercial negotiations
主題 3	How behaviours should change during the different stages of a negotiation Compare the key communication skills that help achieve desired outcomes
主題 4	Organisational power: comparing the relative power of purchasers and suppliers Explain how the balance of power in commercial negotiations can affect outcomes
主題 5	How purchasers can improve leverage with suppliers The importance of power in commercial negotiations
主題 6	Costing methods such as absorption, marginal or variable and activity based costing Know how to prepare for negotiations with external organisations
主題 7	Setting objectives and defining the variables for a commercial negotiation Use of telephone, teleconferencing or web based meetings
主題 8	Analyse the application of commercial negotiations in the work of procurement and supply Negotiation in relation to the stages of the sourcing process
主題 9	Team management and the influence of stakeholders in negotiations Definitions of commercial negotiation
主題 10	Setting targets and creating a best alternative to a negotiated agreement (BATNA) Collaborative win-win integrative approaches to negotiations
主題 11	Differentiate between the types of approaches that can be pursued in commercial negotiations Distributive win-lose, distributive approaches to negotiation
主題 12	Identify the different types of relationships that impact on commercial negotiations Pragmatic and principled styles of negotiation

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最新的 CIPS Level 4 Diploma in Procurement and Supply L4M5 免費考試真題 (Q19-Q24):

問題 #19
Which of the following method should be used in negotiation if both parties want to communicate verbally and non-verbally without having to meet face-to-face?

A. Web conferencing
B. In-person meeting
C. Teleconferencing
D. Telephone

答案：A

解題說明：
Explanation
Using webcams in a web conference means you are able to communicate both verbally and non verbally.
Over the phone, you cannot see TOP, the only cue/signal you have regarding their mood, interest and attitude is person's voice, intonation andany delay.
A teleconference is a telephone meeting among two or more participants involving technology more sophisticated than a simple two-way phone connection.
In-person meeting requires you team and TOP to be in the same place at the same time.
LO 2, AC 2.4

問題 #20
When prices of input materials increase, supply curve shifts to the left while demand remains stable. The shift of supply will tend to cause which of the following?

A. An increase in the equilibrium price and a decrease inthe equilibrium quantity
B. An increase in the equilibrium price and quantity
C. A decrease in the equilibrium price and quantity
D. A decrease in the equilibrium price and an increase in the equilibrium quantity

答案：A

解題說明：
The case in the question is illustrated as below:
Diagram Description automatically generated

The equilibrium price initially at P0 with quantity Q0, when supply curve shifts to the left, it will converge with demand curve at new equilibrium pointwith price P1 and quantity Q1. As you can see from the graph, P1 is greater than P0 and Q1 is smaller than Q0.

問題 #21
Which of the following is categorised as fixed cost?

A. Governments taxes
B. Raw materials for next year production
C. Land rental paid in advance
D. Additional pallet hires due to higher demand in year-end season

答案：C

解題說明：
Anorganisation's expense can be categorised into three groups:
Fixed Costs - costs that do not change with output.
Variable Costs - costs that vary in direct proportion to output.
Semi-variable costs - costs that are a combination of the above, with both a fixed and variable element.
Among the four options:
"Land rental paid in advance": This is fixed cost. The rental won't increase when the production increases.
"Additional pallet hires due to higher demand in year-end season": This can be identified as semi-variable cost (or step cost).
"Governments taxes": The taxes are often levied by a percentage of income or revenue. Therefore, it is variable
"Raw materials for next year production": This is obviously variable cost.

問題 #22
Information generated through Purchase Price Cost Analysis can be useful to the purchaser, by helping to identify which of the following costs relating to the supplier? Select the THREE that apply.

A. External costs
B. Material costs
C. Budgeted costs
D. Depreciation on equipment
E. Market costs
F. Profit

答案：B,D

解題說明：
Explanation
Below aresome examples of cost input that can be analysed in PPCA process:
- Material costs
- Process and labour costs
- Employment costs
- Overhead costs
- Distribution costs
- Depreciation on equipment
- Profit
If you want to learn more on PPCA, you can studyfrom OGC document here:
https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20100609100650/www.ogc.gov.uk/documents/Cost_Price_analysis(1 LO 2, AC 2.1

問題 #23
If the value of the British Pound in other currencies is strong, which of the following is most likely to occur?

A. The price of UK products in the UK will fall
B. The price of UK products abroad in foreign currency will fall
C. The price of UK products abroad in foreign currency will rise
D. The price of UK products in the UK will rise

答案：C

解題說明：
Explanation
Currency exchange rates are determined bymacroeconomic factors and demand and supply. In general, countries with stable political and economic systems, a growing economy and a strong rule of law will have stronger and more stable currency than those without these characteristics. In this question, the British Pound is stronger than other currency, which means that buyers who import goods from the UK have to pay higher in their own currencies.
LO 2, AC 2.2

問題 #24
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