It's known as one of the most common skin disorders — a.k.a. a condition involving lesions and flaking skin on the head or body, dandruff. But is your problem dandruff, or is it dry scalp? They're two distinct conditions with different causes, so treating them incorrectly can prolong the problem and cause more harm to the skin than good.
What is Dandruff?
Most people have dandruff a time or two in their life, and there's not much reason to be alarmed about it. It is one of the most common hair issues and is known as seborrheic dermatitis. Like many other skin conditions, it may cause itching and flaking.
What is a Dry Scalp?
On the other hand, a dry scalp is a skin condition characterized by constantly parched and flaky skin on the top of your head. A dry scalp comes with several side effects, including ingrown hair and an uneasy feeling.
What causes dandruff?
There are many different causes of dandruff, and it can be challenging to determine the underlying cause. However, several common triggers may lead to dandruff.
- Genetics
If you have family members with dandruff, you may be more likely to develop it.
- Hormones
Menopause can cause hormones to change, which can lead to an increase in dandruff symptoms.
- Skin conditions
Many skin conditions can cause dandruff, such as psoriasis or eczema. These include: Seborrheic dermatitis (also called seborrhoea) – Seborrheic dermatitis is a chronic condition characterized by redness and scaling on the scalp, eyebrows, and face.
- Nutrition
A poor diet can cause dandruff. If you're not getting enough protein, zinc, and iron in your diet, it could increase the rate at which your skin cells are shed.
- Hair care products
Using shampoos and conditioners containing sulphates may lead to an increase in flakes. Some people are sensitive to these chemicals and will notice dandruff even after using them once or twice.
- Allergies
Allergies can cause an overproduction of oil on your scalp, leading to increased flaking and itching.
- Medications
Certain medications like antibiotics or steroids can cause your body's immune system to slow down, which may result in increased oil production on your scalp.
A dry scalp is a common condition caused by many factors. Some of the most common causes are:
- Hormonal changes
Dry scalp is often triggered by hormonal changes, such as during pregnancy or menopause.
- Dry air and cold weather
Dry air and cold temperatures can cause your skin to become dry, leading to a dry scalp.
- Using too many styling products
Over-styling your hair with gels, waxes, and other products can damage your hair and leave it prone to drying out.
- Not properly cleaning your hair after swimming or exercising
If you don't rinse out all of the chlorine or sweat from your hair after getting out of the pool or gym, it can lead to dryness on your scalp and hair colour fading faster than normal.
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